Loan Programs Offered

Loan Programs Offered

Loan Programs Offered Through the Chenoa Fund

The loan programs offered by the Chenoa Fund are designed to make homeownership more accessible by pairing down payment assistance with flexible mortgage options. These programs work alongside FHA, VA, and conventional loans to help qualified buyers reduce upfront costs while meeting standard lending guidelines. By understanding the different loan programs offered through the Chenoa Fund, homebuyers can choose the option that best fits their financial situation and long-term housing goals.

The Chenoa Fund, administered by CBC Mortgage Agency (CBCMA), stands as a distinct and vital resource in the United States housing market. As a federally chartered governmental entity under the Cedar Band of Paiutes, CBCMA operates with a mission to increase affordable and sustainable homeownership opportunities. The program is specifically designed for creditworthy individuals who possess the income to support a monthly mortgage payment but lack the accumulated savings required for the upfront down payment and closing costs,.

While the Chenoa Fund is most famous for its down payment assistance (DPA), it is technically a correspondent lending program. This means it provides specific loan products—primarily second mortgages paired with FHA first mortgages—that approved lenders originate and then sell to CBCMA. Understanding the nuances of these loan programs, including the specific FHA and USDA offerings, is essential for borrowers and industry professionals alike.

The Core Offering: FHA-Paired Down Payment Assistance

The primary vehicle for the Chenoa Fund’s assistance is the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) loan program. The Chenoa Fund does not originate the first mortgage directly to the consumer; rather, it provides the secondary financing (the DPA) that is paired with an FHA-insured first mortgage.

1. The FHA First Mortgage
To utilize the Chenoa Fund, the borrower must first qualify for an FHA-insured first lien. This first mortgage must meet strict criteria:

  • Loan Term: It must be a 25-year or 30-year fixed-rate term with full amortization. Adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) and interest-only loans are not permitted.
  • Loan Type: The loan must be an FHA 203(b) mortgage for 1–2 unit properties. This covers standard single-family residences, planned unit developments (PUDs), townhomes, condominiums, and specific manufactured homes.
  • High Balance Loans: The program accommodates “High Balance” loans—those that exceed the standard conforming loan limit but fall within the high-cost area limits set by the FHFA. High balance loans are permitted for most DPA products, with specific exceptions regarding the 5% forgivable option.

2. The Down Payment Assistance (Second Mortgage)
The defining feature of the Chenoa Fund is the second mortgage provided to cover the minimum required investment (MRI). This assistance can be 3.5% or 5% of the lower of the purchase price or the appraised value of the home.
The funds from this second mortgage can be applied to:

  • The borrower’s minimum required investment (down payment).
  • Closing costs.
  • Prepaid items (such as property taxes and insurance).
  • Any combination of the above.
    Borrowers can choose between two distinct structures for this second mortgage: the Repayable Second and the Forgivable Second.
Detailed Breakdown of DPA Product Options​

Detailed Breakdown of DPA Product Options

The choice between a repayable and a forgivable second mortgage depends on the borrower’s long-term goals, income profile, and qualifying criteria.

Option A: Repayable Down Payment Assistance
This option is structured as a fully amortizing loan that the borrower must pay back over a set term.

  • Loan Term: The repayable second mortgage has a term of 10 years.
  • Interest Rate: The interest rate on this second mortgage is set at 1% higher than the interest rate on the FHA first mortgage.
  • Monthly Payments: Borrowers must make monthly principal and interest payments on this loan. These payments are in addition to the monthly payment for the first mortgage.
  • Income Limits: A significant advantage of the repayable option is the absence of borrower income limits. This makes it an attractive option for moderate-to-higher income borrowers who can afford the monthly payments but lack liquid cash for closing,.
  • High Balance: This option can be used in conjunction with High Balance FHA loans for both the 3.5% and 5% assistance levels.

Option B: Forgivable Down Payment Assistance
The forgivable option, often referred to in the industry as a “soft second,” is designed to convert into a grant if specific conditions are met over time.

  • Loan Term: The loan has a 30-year term.
  • Interest Rate: The interest rate is 0% (interest-free).
  • Monthly Payments: No monthly payments are required on this second mortgage.
  • Forgiveness Conditions: The loan is forgiven after the borrower makes 36 consecutive, on-time payments on the FHA first mortgage. This rule applies to both the 3.5% and 5% assistance options.
  • The “Reset” Provision: If the borrower makes a late payment (30 days or more past due) on the first mortgage during the 36-month period, the forgiveness counter resets. The borrower must then start a new streak of 36 consecutive on-time payments to achieve forgiveness. The borrower has the full 30-year term to meet this condition.
  • Payoff Triggers: If the forgiveness condition is never met, or if the home is sold or refinanced before forgiveness occurs, the loan must be repaid. Specifically, refinancing the first mortgage permanently removes the “forgivable” status of the second lien, requiring repayment.
  • High Balance Restrictions: While the 3.5% forgivable option allows for High Balance loans, the 5% forgivable option does not.

USDA Loan Program Offering

In addition to its FHA products, CBC Mortgage Agency offers a USDA Rural Development (RD) loan program. This program is distinct because it is a standalone first mortgage product and is not currently paired with Chenoa Fund down payment assistance.
Program Structure

  • Zero Down Payment: The USDA loan is inherently a zero-down program, allowing borrowers to finance 100% of the home’s value without a down payment.
  • Target Audience: This program is designed for low-to-moderate-income households in eligible rural and semi-rural areas.
  • Income Limits: Unlike the FHA products which may have no income limits, the USDA program strictly enforces income caps. A borrower can typically earn up to 115% of the area’s median income and still qualify.
  • Location: The property must be located within a USDA-eligible area. Lenders and borrowers must verify eligibility using the USDA property address search tool.

Underwriting Standards for USDA

While no DPA is attached, CBCMA underwrites these loans based on the USDA 3555-1 Technical Handbook.

  • Ratios: The standard qualifying ratios are 29% for the housing payment (PITI) and 41% for the total debt-to-income (TD) ratio.
  • Credit Analysis: A “clean” credit history is emphasized. Borrowers must have a “Clear” CAIVRS response (an “A” result). Significant derogatory credit events like foreclosure or bankruptcy generally require specific waiting periods (e.g., 36 months for Chapter 7 bankruptcy),.
    Program-Wide Underwriting Guidelines
    Whether applying for the FHA-paired DPA or the USDA loan, borrowers must meet specific underwriting criteria set by CBCMA. These guidelines often function as “overlays,” meaning they are additional requirements on top of standard government agency rules.

Credit Score Requirements

The minimum qualifying credit score for the Chenoa Fund program is 600.

  • Score Calculation: The program follows industry standards by using the lower of two scores or the middle of three scores for the qualifying borrower.
  • Valid Score Requirement: All borrowers on the transaction must have at least one credit score. Borrowers with non-traditional credit only (no credit score) are generally not eligible for the Chenoa Fund DPA.

Debt-to-Income (DTI) Ratios

DTI requirements are largely determined by the Automated Underwriting System (AUS), such as Desktop Underwriter (DU) or Loan Prospector (LP).

  • Standard: For borrowers with credit scores of 600 and above, the DTI ratio is acceptable as per the AUS approval.
  • Manual Underwriting: As of October 16, 2023, manual underwriting for FHA loans has been suspended. Consequently, all loans generally require an “Approve/Eligible” or “Accept” finding from the AUS to be eligible for purchase.

Income Limits

A critical differentiator for the Chenoa Fund compared to many state-level housing finance agency programs is its approach to income limits.

  • Current Policy: According to the most recent program guidelines, there are no income limitations for the FHA-paired DPA products,. This allows higher-earning borrowers who live in high-cost areas or who simply have not saved for a down payment to access the program.
  • Calculation: When income limits are applied (as is standard for USDA loans or if specific FHA sub-products reintroduce them), they are calculated based on the loan qualifying income reported on the final application, compared against HUD’s Area Median Income (AMI) charts,.

Homebuyer Education

To ensure sustainable homeownership, the program mandates education for borrowers with lower credit profiles.

  • Credit Scores 600–619: Borrowers must complete a counseling course through Money Management International (MMI). CBCMA covers the cost of this course.
  • Credit Scores 620–639: Borrowers may use any HUD-approved counseling course, including Framework or Homeview. If they choose MMI, CBCMA will cover the fee.
  • Credit Scores 640+: Borrowers in this credit range are not required to complete homebuyer education.
    Eligible and Ineligible Property Types
    The Chenoa Fund is flexible regarding property types but maintains strict exclusions to mitigate risk.

Eligible Properties

The program permits 1–2 unit properties used as a primary residence. Eligible types include:

  • Single Family Residences (SFR).
  • Planned Unit Developments (PUDs).
  • Townhomes and Condominiums.
  • Modular homes.
  • Manufactured homes.

Manufactured Housing Overlays

Manufactured homes are eligible but subject to rigorous standards:

  • Size: Single-wide units are not permitted. Only double-wide or larger multi-section homes are allowed.
  • Age: The home must have been built on or after June 15, 1976.
  • Certification: It must bear the HUD Certification Label/Tag. If the tag is missing, an IBTS verification letter is required.
  • Title: The home must be legally classified as real property, with the title surrendered or purged according to state law.
  • Foundation: A Structural Engineering Report is required to certify that the foundation meets HUD standards.

Ineligible Properties

Properties that are not eligible for Chenoa Fund assistance include:

  • 3–4 unit properties.
  • Cooperatives (Co-ops).
  • Mobile home parks or properties on leased land.
  • Properties located in the state of New York (the program is not offered in NY).
  • Properties in FEMA-declared disaster areas that are not in marketable condition.

Loan Administration and Servicing

Because the Chenoa Fund relies on correspondent lending, the administrative process involves specific hand-offs between the originating lender and CBCMA.

Funding and Purchase

Correspondent lenders fund the down payment assistance at the closing table. Once the loan closes, CBCMA purchases the first mortgage from the lender and reimburses them for the second mortgage DPA funds. This “Funding Obligation” is established when the loan is registered and locked in the CBCMA system.

Loan Administration and Servicing​

Servicing Transfers

Borrowers must understand that their loan servicing will likely transfer immediately after closing.

  • First Mortgage: Servicing is transferred to CBCMA or its designated servicer. Payment instructions are provided in a “Goodbye Letter” sent by the originating lender.
  • Second Mortgage: The servicing for repayable second mortgages is handled by Midwest Loan Services. Borrowers with a repayable DPA loan will make two monthly payments: one to CBCMA (or its servicer) for the house, and one to Midwest Loan Services for the down payment loan.
  • Forgivable Seconds: Since these require no monthly payments, there is no active payment processing, but the lien remains recorded until forgiveness conditions are met.

Subordination and Refinancing

The program has strict rules regarding subordination (letting the DPA loan stay in second place while the first mortgage is refinanced).

  • General Rule: Subordination is generally not allowed during the first 36 months. If a borrower wants to refinance the first mortgage within three years, they usually must pay off the second mortgage in full.
  • Forgivable Loans: Refinancing the first mortgage triggers a “clawback” where the forgivable status is lost, and the loan must be repaid, unless the 36-month forgiveness period has already been satisfied.
  • Exceptions: Subordination may be considered after 36 months if the borrower has a perfect payment history, or earlier if necessary to cure a loan defect.

Summary of Benefits

The Chenoa Fund serves as a critical bridge for homebuyers who are otherwise ready for homeownership but lack the upfront capital. By offering:

  1. High LTV Financing: Up to 96.5% LTV on the first mortgage plus 3.5% or 5% DPA, effectively allowing for 100% financing or more.
  2. Flexible DPA Structures: The choice between a repayable loan (for those who want to pay it off) and a forgivable loan (for those planning to stay in the home long-term).
  3. Broad Eligibility: A minimum credit score of 600 and no income limits on key products.
  4. National Reach: Availability in 49 states.

CBC Mortgage Agency creates a pathway for sustainable homeownership that bypasses the traditional barrier of a large down payment. However, borrowers must carefully weigh the commitment of the second mortgage and the restrictions on refinancing against the immediate benefit of getting into a home sooner.

FAQ's

No, borrowers do not need to be first-time homebuyers to qualify for the Chenoa Fund FHA-paired down payment assistance programs. The program is open to repeat buyers as well, provided the property will be their primary residence. While previous rental history is not required, first-time homebuyers may benefit from providing rental history to assist with automated underwriting findings. However, owning other property is permitted, subject to specific requirements such as a Letter of Explanation detailing the motivation for moving and ensuring compliance with FHA occupancy standards.

Yes, manufactured homes are eligible for Chenoa Fund down payment assistance when paired with an FHA first mortgage. However, strict overlays apply. The home must be a multi-wide unit (double-wide or larger); single-wide units are ineligible. The home must have been built on or after June 15, 1976, bear the HUD Certification Label/Tag, and be permanently affixed to the subject property with the title surrendered or purged to real property. While eligible for the standard FHA-paired DPA, manufactured homes cannot be financed using the USDA program through CBC Mortgage Agency at this time if they require manual underwriting.

Yes, “High Balance” loans—those exceeding the standard conforming loan limit but falling within high-cost area limits—are eligible for Chenoa Fund assistance, with specific restrictions. High Balance loans are permitted when using the Repayable DPA product (for both 3.5% and 5% assistance amounts). They are also permitted for the Forgivable DPA product, but only at the 3.5% assistance level. High Balance loans are not eligible for the 5% Forgivable DPA option. This allows borrowers in expensive housing markets to utilize the program while adhering to risk management guidelines.

The interest rate on the second mortgage depends on the product type. For the Forgivable second mortgage, the interest rate is 0%, meaning no interest accrues on the loan balance. For the Repayable second mortgage, the interest rate is fixed at a rate 1% higher than the interest rate on the FHA first mortgage. For example, if your first mortgage has a rate of 6.5%, the repayable second mortgage would have a rate of 7.5%. The first mortgage itself must always be a fixed-rate loan; adjustable-rate mortgages (ARMs) are not permitted.

Income limits depend on the specific product selected. For the standard FHA-paired down payment assistance products (both repayable and forgivable), current guidelines indicate there are no borrower income limitations. This allows the program to serve a broad range of borrowers, including those with moderate-to-high incomes who lack liquid savings. However, for the USDA loan program, strict income limits apply. Borrowers qualifying for the USDA loan generally cannot earn more than 115% of the Area Median Income (AMI) for their household size and location, consistent with standard USDA Rural Development guidelines.

Yes, the funds provided by the Chenoa Fund second mortgage can be applied toward the borrower’s Minimum Required Investment (MRI), closing costs, prepaid items, or any combination of these. Since FHA loans typically require a 3.5% down payment, borrowers who select the 5% assistance option often have excess funds remaining after satisfying the down payment requirement. These remaining funds can be used to cover closing costs, significantly reducing the cash-to-close amount the borrower needs to bring to the table. This flexibility applies to both the repayable and forgivable product options.

Yes, CBC Mortgage Agency offers a USDA Rural Development (RD) 30-year fixed-rate loan program. However, this is a standalone first mortgage product and is not eligible for Chenoa Fund down payment assistance (secondary financing). The USDA loan is inherently a zero-down program designed for rural and semi-rural areas, allowing borrowers to finance 100% of the home’s value without a down payment. Borrowers must meet USDA-specific income limits (typically capped at 115% of the Area Median Income) and the property must be located in an eligible rural area as defined by the USDA.

For the forgivable second mortgage product, the loan is forgiven after the borrower makes 36 consecutive, on-time payments on the FHA first mortgage. This applies to both the 3.5% and 5% assistance levels. “On-time” means the payment is made within the month it is due and is not 30 days or more delinquent. If a borrower makes a late payment during this period, the 36-month counter resets, and they must start a new streak of consecutive payments to qualify for forgiveness. The loan remains forgivable as long as the condition is met within the 30-year term.

The Repayable DPA option is a fully amortizing second mortgage with a 10-year term. It requires monthly payments and carries an interest rate that is typically 1% higher than the interest rate on the first mortgage. This option generally has no income limits. In contrast, the Forgivable DPA option (often called a “soft second”) has a 30-year term with a 0% interest rate and requires no monthly payments. The loan is forgiven after the borrower meets specific payment history requirements on the first mortgage, making it an attractive option for those planning to stay in the home for several years.

The Chenoa Fund, administered by CBC Mortgage Agency, primarily offers down payment assistance (DPA) paired with FHA-insured loans. This assistance comes in the form of a second mortgage, which can be either repayable or forgivable. There is one unified product for FHA loans that offers either 3.5% or 5% assistance based on the lower of the purchase price or appraised value. Additionally, the agency offers a standalone USDA Rural Development 30-year loan program. It is important to note that the USDA program is a zero-down first mortgage and is not paired with Chenoa Fund down payment assistance secondary financing.

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